The UN's annual climate change summit has opened with hosts Egypt calling on countries to move from "pledges to an era of implementation".
More than 120 world leaders are due to make speeches at the conference, known as COP27, in Sharm el-Sheikh.
About 40,000 people will attend but some activists are staying away over concerns about Egypt's rights record.
As COP27 opened the UN released a new report it described as a "chronicle of climate chaos".
COP27 president Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry beseeched leaders to not let food and energy crises related to Russia's invasion of Ukraine get in the way of action on climate change.
"It is inherent on us all in Sharm el-Sheikh to demonstrate our recognition of the magnitude of the challenges we face and our steadfast resolve to overcome it."
The need for action was laid bare in the latest report from the UN's World Meteorological Organization.
In the State of the Global Climate Report 2022, scientists estimate that global temperatures have now risen by 1.15C since pre-industrial times and said the latest eight years were on track to be the warmest on record.
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